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Ganesh Chalisa — Word-by-Word Meaning

गणेश चालीसा

Every Sanskrit word explained in English

Word-by-Word Breakdown

गणपति
Ganapati
Lord of the Ganas (celestial hosts)
गणराजू
Ganraju
King of the Ganas
विघ्न हरण
Vighna Haran
Remover of obstacles
गजबदन
Gajbadan
Elephant-faced
विनायक
Vinayak
Supreme leader, remover of obstacles
बुद्धि विधाता
Buddhi Vidhata
Bestower of intelligence
वक्र तुण्ड
Vakra Tunda
Curved trunk
त्रिपुण्ड
Tripund
Three sacred marks on forehead
मोदक
Modak
Sweet dumpling — Ganesha's favorite food
मूषक
Mushak
Mouse — Ganesha's vehicle
पीताम्बर
Pitambar
Yellow garment
गिरिजालाल
Girijalal
Beloved son of Girija (Parvati)
षडानन
Shadanan
Six-faced one (Kartikeya, Ganesha's brother)
ऋद्धि सिद्धि
Riddhi Siddhi
Prosperity and Spiritual Power (Ganesha's consorts)
कुठार
Kuthar
Axe (weapon held by Ganesha)
गणनायक
Gananayak
Leader of the Ganas
गौरी ललन
Gauri Lalan
Darling child of Gauri (Parvati)
शम्भु
Shambhu
Shiva, Ganesha's father
संकट मोचन
Sankat Mochan
Liberator from troubles
मंगल
Mangal
Auspiciousness
सुमन
Suman
Flowers

Complete Translation

Doha: Glory to Ganapati, abode of virtues, gracious poet with a beautiful face. Remover of obstacles, bestower of auspiciousness — glory, glory to the beloved son of Girija (Parvati)! Chaupai: Victory, victory, victory to Ganapati, king of the Ganas! You fill our lives with auspiciousness and accomplish all good tasks. Glory to the elephant-faced one, giver of happiness! You are the supreme Vinayak of the world, the bestower of intelligence. Your curved trunk is pure and beautiful. The triple sacred mark on your forehead enchants the mind. A garland of gems and pearls adorns your chest. A golden crown sits upon your head, and your eyes are wide and compassionate. In your hands you hold a book, an axe, and a trident. You are fond of modak sweets, and your mouse vehicle serves you faithfully. Your beautiful body is adorned with yellow garments. The wooden sandals on your feet delight the minds of sages. Blessed son of Shiva, brother of the six-faced Kartikeya! Darling of Gauri, famous throughout the world! Riddhi and Siddhi wave ceremonial fans for you. Your mouse vehicle looks splendid at the gate. Let me tell the auspicious story of your birth — most pure, sacred, and auspicious. Once, the daughter of the Mountain King (Parvati) performed severe penance for the sake of a son. When the magnificent yajna was complete, you arrived in the form of a Brahmin. Recognizing you as a guest, Gauri was delighted and served you in many ways. Greatly pleased, you granted a boon: the penance the mother performed for a son would bear fruit. A son of vast intelligence would be born to her — this child, without being carried in the womb. Leader of the Ganas, treasure of virtues and knowledge — worshipped first among all forms of God. Saying this, you vanished from sight and appeared as a baby on a cradle. Becoming an infant, you began to cry. Girija celebrated with great joy in her home. Taking the baby in her lap, she kissed him many times with tears of joy in her eyes. Shambhu and Uma distributed lavish gifts. Gods, sages, and people came to see the child. Seeing this great joy, they sang auspicious songs. From the sky, the gods showered flowers. Doha: Victory, victory, victory to Ganapati, the leader of Ganas! You always work for the welfare of the world. O Vishwa Vinayak, the great and mighty God! Your grace liberates us from all troubles.

Origin & History

Source: Hindu devotional tradition (Chalisa literature)

Author: Unknown (folk composition in the Chalisa tradition)

Period: Medieval period

The Ganesh Chalisa draws from multiple Puranic sources for the birth story of Lord Ganesha. The version narrated in this chalisa describes how Parvati performed severe penance for a son, and a divine Brahmin (Ganesha himself in disguise) appeared, blessed her, and then manifested as a baby on a cradle. Other versions from the Shiva Purana describe Parvati creating Ganesha from sandalwood paste. Regardless of the version, all agree that Ganesha is the firstborn son of Shiva and Parvati and holds the supreme position of being worshipped before all other deities.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Ganesha worshipped before all other gods?
According to Hindu tradition, Lord Shiva declared that Ganesha would be worshipped first before any deity and before any auspicious task. This is why every Hindu ceremony begins with a prayer to Ganesha — the Remover of Obstacles must clear the path before any work can succeed.
What is the best day to recite Ganesh Chalisa?
Wednesday (Budhvar) is Ganesha's day and is considered most auspicious. However, the chalisa can be recited any day, especially before important events, exams, or new beginnings.
What offerings does Ganesha like?
Modak (sweet dumplings) is Ganesha's favorite food. Other offerings include durva grass (sacred grass), red flowers, laddu, coconut, and jaggery. The number 21 is considered sacred — offering 21 modaks or 21 durva grass blades is traditional.
Who wrote the Ganesh Chalisa?
Like most chalisas in the Hindu devotional tradition, the exact author of the Ganesh Chalisa is not definitively known. It follows the 40-verse chaupai format popularized by Goswami Tulsidas in the Hanuman Chalisa.
Can Ganesh Chalisa be recited by students before exams?
Yes, this is one of the most common practices. Ganesha is the god of wisdom and intelligence (Buddhi Vidhata). Students across India recite the Ganesh Chalisa before examinations to invoke clarity, memory, and success.

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