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Durga Chalisa — Word-by-Word Meaning

दुर्गा चालीसा

Every Sanskrit word explained in English

Word-by-Word Breakdown

दुर्गे
Durge
O Goddess Durga
सुख करनी
Sukh Karni
Bestower of happiness
अम्बे
Ambe
O Mother (Amba)
दुःख हरनी
Dukh Harni
Remover of sorrows
निरंकार
Nirankar
Formless
ज्योति
Jyoti
Light, radiance
शशि ललाट
Shashi Lalat
Moon on the forehead
विकराला
Vikrala
Fierce, terrifying
शक्ति
Shakti
Divine feminine power
महिषासुर
Mahishasur
The buffalo demon
काली
Kali
The dark fierce form of the Goddess
संहारा
Samhara
Destroyed, annihilated
उग्र रूप
Ugra Roop
Fierce form
शुम्भ-निशुम्भ
Shumbh-Nishumbh
Twin demon brothers slain by Durga
रक्तबीज
Raktabeej
Demon whose blood drops created new demons
खप्पर
Khappar
Skull cup (held by Kali)
सती
Sati
First incarnation of Parvati, who self-immolated
दक्ष यज्ञ
Daksh Yagya
The sacrifice of Daksha where Sati died
शक्तिपीठ
Shaktipeeth
Sacred sites where Sati's body parts fell (52 in total)
नवदुर्गा
Navdurga
Nine forms of Durga worshipped during Navratri
शैलपुत्री
Shailputri
Daughter of the mountain (1st Navdurga)
ब्रह्मचारिणी
Brahmacharini
The ascetic goddess (2nd Navdurga)
चन्द्रघण्टा
Chandraghanta
She who has a moon-bell (3rd Navdurga)
कूष्माण्डा
Kushmanda
Creator of the cosmic egg (4th Navdurga)
स्कन्दमाता
Skandmata
Mother of Kartikeya (5th Navdurga)
कात्यायनी
Katyayani
Born in Katya lineage (6th Navdurga)
कालरात्रि
Kaalratri
Dark night of destruction (7th Navdurga)
महागौरी
Mahagauri
The extremely fair one (8th Navdurga)
सिद्धिदात्री
Siddhidatri
Bestower of all powers (9th Navdurga)
भवानी
Bhavani
Goddess of the world/existence

Complete Translation

Salutations to Durga, bestower of happiness. Salutations to Amba, remover of all sorrows. Your radiance is formless. Its light illuminates all three worlds. With the moon on your forehead, your face vast and magnificent. Red eyes and fierce eyebrows. The form of the Mother is supremely beautiful. Those who behold you attain great bliss. You created the power of the universe. No one in the three worlds can match your strength. Protector and benefactor of saints. Destroyer of demons, bearer of virtues. The demon king Mahishasur was supremely arrogant. The earth groaned under the weight of his sins. Assuming the fierce form of Kali, you destroyed him along with his entire army. In the end, you gave happiness to the gods. You manifested your fierce form for their protection. You slew the demons Shumbha and Nishumbha. Even Brahma, Vishnu and Shankar were amazed. Then came the demon Raktabeej. From one drop of his blood, countless copies arose. Wherever his blood fell on the earth, new demons sprang up from each drop. Then O Mother, you assumed the fierce form of Kali, holding a skull cup and blazing with fire. You drank every drop of blood before it touched the ground. Thus you destroyed Raktabeej completely. Every difficult task in the world becomes easy with your grace. Remove the suffering of the people. O Mother Vaishnavi, you are the brave one. When you took the form of Sati, O Mother, the fate of Daksha's sacrifice was sealed. There Shambhu (Shiva) was insulted. In rage, you gave up your body. Then Lord Shiva unleashed his fury. Sati's body parts fell across the land. Wherever your body parts fell, O Mother, those places became famous Shakti Peethas. 52 Shakti Peethas exist in the world. Your glory cannot be fully described. Nine forms of Durga worshipped over nine nights — no other deity equals you. Whoever performs the nine-fold worship, all spiritual powers come to them. Shailputri and Brahmacharini are your names. Chandraghanta grants happiness selflessly. Kushmanda, the cosmic power is yours. Skandmata benefits all greatly. Katyayani, slayer of Mahishasur. Kaalratri, destroyer of the wicked. Mahagauri shines in radiant white form. Siddhidatri bestows all spiritual powers. Nine Durga, nine sacred names. May their grace always remain upon us. Brahma's power, Vishnu's power, Shiva's grace — O Mother, you are Bhavani of the world. Whoever takes refuge in you, you always protect them. Closing Doha: You are the eternal auspicious one, O Amba, you are Durga. Protect all who seek your refuge. Victory, victory, victory to Mother Durga!

Origin & History

Source: Hindu devotional tradition

Author: Unknown (folk devotional composition)

Period: Medieval period

The Durga Chalisa draws its narrative from the Devi Mahatmyam (also called Durga Saptashati or Chandi Path) from the Markandeya Purana, one of the most important texts in Shaktism. It recounts how Goddess Durga was created from the combined energies of all the gods to destroy the buffalo demon Mahishasur, whom no god could defeat. She fought for 9 days and nights (the origin of Navratri) before slaying him on the 10th day (Vijayadashami/Dussehra).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Durga Chalisa?
A 40-verse devotional hymn praising Goddess Durga, describing her divine form, her victories over demons like Mahishasur, and her protective power. It is one of the most popular Navratri prayers.
When should I chant Durga Chalisa?
During Navratri (especially the 9 nights), on Fridays (Durga's day), during Ashtami, or any time you need the Goddess's protection and strength.
What is the difference between Durga Chalisa and Durga Kavach?
The Chalisa is a 40-verse devotional hymn praising Durga's qualities and deeds. The Kavach (armor) is a protective prayer that invokes Durga's protection over specific body parts — it is more of a ritualistic shield.

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