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Bhaja Govindam — Word-by-Word Meaning

भज गोविन्दम्

Every Sanskrit word explained in English

Word-by-Word Breakdown

भज
Bhaja
Worship, seek, turn to
गोविन्दं
Govindam
Govinda (Krishna/Vishnu)
मूढमते
Mudhamate
O foolish mind!
डुकृञ्करणे
Dukrinkarane
Grammar rules (symbol of dry scholarship)
धनागमतृष्णां
Dhanaagama Trishnam
Thirst for acquiring wealth
सद्बुद्धिं
Sadbuddhim
Right understanding, wisdom
वितृष्णाम्
Vitrishnam
Desirelessness, contentment
निजकर्म
Nijakarma
One's own karma/destiny
मोहावेशम्
Mohavesham
Delusion of attraction
अतिशयचपलम्
Atishaya Chapalam
Extremely fleeting/unstable
व्याधि
Vyadhi
Disease
अभिमान
Abhimana
Pride, ego
शोकहतं
Shokahatatam
Struck by sorrow
जर्जरदेहे
Jarjara Dehe
Decrepit body
पवन
Pavan
Breath, life force
भार्या
Bharya
Wife
बालः
Balah
Child
तरुणी
Taruni
Young woman
वृद्धः
Vriddhah
Old person
चिन्ता
Chinta
Worry, anxiety
ब्रह्मणि
Brahmani
In the Supreme Truth
कान्ता
Kanta
Wife, beloved
संसार
Samsara
Worldly existence, cycle of birth-death
सत्सङ्गत्वे
Satsangatve
In good company
निर्मोहत्वम्
Nirmohatvam
Freedom from delusion
जीवन्मुक्तिः
Jeevanmuktih
Liberation while still alive
माया
Maya
Illusion, cosmic delusion
ब्रह्मपदं
Brahmapadam
The state of Brahman/God
गीता
Gita
The Bhagavad Gita
दीनजन
Deenajan
The poor and needy

Complete Translation

Worship Govinda, worship Govinda, worship Govinda, O foolish mind! When the appointed time of death arrives, grammar rules will not save you. O fool, abandon the thirst for acquiring wealth. Create in your mind thoughts of reality free from desire. Whatever wealth you earn through your own karma, be content with that. Do not fall into the delusion of attraction seeing a woman's body. Reflect again and again — this is merely a modification of flesh and fat. Life is as uncertain as a drop of water on a lotus petal. Know that the entire world is consumed by disease, ego and sorrow. As long as you are able to earn money, your family is attached to you. But when your body becomes old and decrepit, no one at home even asks how you are. As long as breath remains in the body, people at home ask about your welfare. But when the breath departs and the body falls, even your wife fears that corpse. In childhood, one is attached to play. In youth, attached to a young woman. In old age, attached to worry. But no one is attached to the Supreme Brahman! Who is your wife? Who is your son? This world is exceedingly strange. Whose are you? Who are you? Where have you come from? Reflect on this truth, O brother. From good company comes non-attachment. From non-attachment comes freedom from delusion. From freedom from delusion comes steadfastness in truth. From steadfastness in truth comes liberation while living. When youth has passed, what use is passion? When water has dried up, what use is a lake? When wealth is gone, where are the relatives? When truth is known, where is worldly bondage? Do not boast of wealth, people and youth. Time snatches all these away in a moment. Leaving behind this entire illusion of Maya, realize Brahman and enter that state. Sing the Bhagavad Gita and the Vishnu Sahasranamam. Always meditate on the form of the Lord. Direct your mind toward the company of the good. Give your wealth to the poor and needy.

Origin & History

Source: Composed independently by Adi Shankaracharya

Author: Adi Shankaracharya

Period: 8th century CE (circa 788-820)

According to tradition, Shankaracharya was walking through the streets of Varanasi (Kashi) with his disciples when he saw an aged scholar laboriously memorizing Panini's Sanskrit grammar rules. Moved by compassion, Shankaracharya spontaneously composed 'Bhaja Govindam' — urging the old man that grammar rules would not save him at the hour of death and that he should instead turn his mind to God. Each of his 14 disciples then added one verse, making it a collective composition. The work is also called 'Moha Mudgara' — the hammer that shatters delusion.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who wrote Bhaja Govindam?
Adi Shankaracharya (788-820 CE), the greatest philosopher-saint of India and the founder of Advaita Vedanta. He is said to have composed it spontaneously upon seeing an old scholar in Varanasi memorizing Sanskrit grammar rules instead of seeking God.
What is the message of Bhaja Govindam?
The core message is: Stop wasting life on material pursuits and intellectual games. Death is certain. Turn your mind to God (Govinda) while you still can. It is a wake-up call against attachment to wealth, body, relationships, and dry scholarship.
Is Bhaja Govindam pessimistic?
No — it is realistic and ultimately liberating. By seeing clearly the fleeting nature of worldly things, one is freed to pursue what is eternal. The final verses speak of the bliss of one who has found the Self. It destroys illusion to reveal joy.

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