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कृष्ण चालीसा — Word-by-Word Meaning

कृष्ण चालीसा

Every Sanskrit word explained in English

Word-by-Word Breakdown

मुकुन्द
Mukund
Giver of liberation
मुरारी
Murari
Enemy of demon Mura
गोपाल
Gopal
Protector of cows
गोविन्द
Govind
One who gives pleasure to cows/senses
राधापति
Radhapati
Lord of Radha
गोपीनाथ
Gopinath
Lord of the gopis
श्याम
Shyam
Dark-complexioned one
अन्तरयामी
Antaryami
Indweller of all hearts
देवकी
Devki
Krishna's birth mother
यशोदा
Yashoda
Krishna's foster mother
माखन
Makhan
Butter (Krishna the butter thief)
गोवर्धन
Govardhan
Mount Govardhan (lifted by Krishna)
कालिया
Kaliya
The poisonous serpent (subdued by Krishna)
रास
Raas
Divine dance (Raas Leela)
द्वारकाधीश
Dwarkadhish
Lord of Dwarka
गीता
Geeta
Bhagavad Gita (Song of God)
पार्थ सखा
Parth Sakha
Friend of Arjuna (Parth)

Complete Translation

Victory to Sri Krishna, Mukund, Murari! Victory to Gopal, Govind, the playful one! Victory to the Lord of Radha, lord of the gopis! Victory to the king of Vrindavan, lord of the universe! Dark, beautiful, handsome, glorious one. You are everyone's Lord, the dweller in all hearts. Son of Vasudeva and Devaki. The darling of Nanda and Yashoda. In Gokul you performed divine play. You showed Mother Yashoda your wondrous cosmic form. You stole butter and fed it to the cowherds. You lifted Mount Govardhan on one finger. You subdued the serpent Kaliya. You danced the divine Raas with the gopis. Going to Mathura, you slew the tyrant Kamsa. You restored the throne to King Ugrasena. You became the great king of Dwarka. Sixteen thousand queens cherished you in their hearts. Becoming Arjuna's friend, you spoke the Bhagavad Gita. You ensured the protection of dharma. Closing: Victory to Sri Krishna Kanhaiya, victory to Gopal! Whoever reads this chalisa attains supreme happiness throughout the year.

Origin & History

Source: Hindu devotional tradition (from Bhagavata Purana narratives)

Author: Unknown (folk devotional composition)

Period: Medieval period

The Krishna Chalisa draws from the Bhagavata Purana and Vishnu Purana, condensing Krishna's vast life story into verse form. It covers his miraculous birth in prison, childhood pranks in Gokul, the lifting of Govardhan, the Raas Leela in Vrindavan, the slaying of Kamsa, his kingship in Dwarka, and his supreme teaching — the Bhagavad Gita on the battlefield of Kurukshetra.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Krishna Chalisa?
A devotional hymn describing Lord Krishna's complete divine journey — from his birth to Devaki, childhood in Gokul, youth in Vrindavan, kingship in Dwarka, and his role as Arjuna's charioteer and teacher of the Bhagavad Gita.
When is the best time to chant?
Janmashtami midnight (Krishna's birthday — August/September), Thursdays, Ekadashi days, and any evening worship. Krishna worship is especially powerful at midnight.
What is the significance of the Govardhan episode?
When Indra sent devastating rains to punish the people of Vrindavan, the child Krishna lifted the entire Govardhan mountain on his little finger and held it as an umbrella for seven days — teaching that devotion to God is greater than fear of nature.

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